Efficacy of High-Frequency Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at 10 Hz in Fibromyalgia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this review was to systematically assess the effectiveness of 10-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in fibromyalgia. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and Ovid databases as of November 6, 2021. STUDY SELECTION: The inclusion criteria for this review were randomized controlled trials of 10-Hz rTMS for fibromyalgia, exploring the effects of 10-Hz rTMS on pain, depression, and quality of life in patients with fibromyalgia. DATA EXTRACTION: Data extraction was performed independently by 2 evaluators according to predefined criteria, and the quality of the included literature was assessed using the Cochrane Bias Risk Assessment Tool. The measurement outcomes include visual analog scale, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, and so on. DATA SYNTHESIS: A total of 488 articles were screened, and the final 7 selected high-quality articles with 217 patients met our inclusion criteria. Analysis of the results showed that high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation at 10 Hz was significantly associated with reduced pain compared with sham stimulation in controls (standardized mean difference [SMD]=-0.72; 95% confidence interval [CI], -1.12 to -0.33; P<.001; I2=46%) and was able to improve quality of life (SMD=-0.70; 95% CI, -1.00 to -0.40; P<.001; I2=15%) but not improve depression (SMD=-0.23; 95% CI, -0.50 to 0.05; P=.11; I2=33%). In addition, a subgroup analysis of pain conducted based on stimulation at the primary motor cortex and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed no significant difference (SMD=-0.72; 95% CI, -1.12 to -0.33; P=.10; I2=62%). CONCLUSIONS: Overall, 10-Hz rTMS has a significant effect on analgesia and improved quality of life in patients with FMS but did not improve depression.

Effect of Sitting Ba-Duan-Jin Exercises on Balance and Quality of Life Among Older Adults: A Preliminary Study.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to ascertain whether ba-duan-jin (BDJ) can improve balance and enhance the quality of life among older adults. DESIGN: This pilot study was designed as a single group pre-post comparison test. METHODS: Sixteen older adults were qualified and recruited for this study at local retirement communities. Assessments for pre- and postintervention among the subjects included Single-Leg Stance, Chair Rising Test, Tinetti Balance Test, Modified Falls Efficacy Scale, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Questionnaire for quality of life. FINDINGS: After 12 weeks of BDJ training, significant improvements were identified in Single-Leg Stance, Tinetti Balance Test, Modified Falls Efficacy Scale, and 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (all p < .01); however not for the Chair Rising Test (p > .05). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that BDJ can improve balance, lower extremity strength, quality of life, and decrease fear of falling among older adults. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: BDJ is an effective rehabilitation training method and can improve balance and motor function among older people. Rehabilitation nursing plays a key role in functional rehabilitation of older people.